安西都护置交河

　　交河冰薄日迟迟，汉将思家感别离。
　　塞北草生苏武泣，陇西云起李陵悲。
　　——【唐】胡曾《交河塞下曲》
　　安西都护置交河
　　唐平定高昌国建西州，将主管西域的第一个军府建置——安西都护府设在交河城，开辟了西域历史新纪元，西州成为唐朝管辖西域的一个重要的政治中心和军事前哨。为适应统一西域大业的发展需要，安西都护府时迁龟兹，时撤交河或高昌。随着安西四镇的建立，安西都护府升为安西大都护府，管辖广大区域内的军政事务。作为丝绸之路重镇的交河城，四方商贾云集，国际贸易繁盛。
　　Establishment of the Anxi Protectorate at Yar City
　　The Tang Empire pacified the Qocho Kingdom and then founded the Xizhou Prefecture.The Tang Dynasty opened up a new era in the history of the Western Regions by establishing the first military prefecture in Yar City. The Anxi Protectorate was located in Yar City and exercised authority over the Western Regions.Xizhou Prefecture thereafter became an important political center and military outpost under the jurisdiction of the Tang Dynasty in the Western Regions.In order to strengthen unification of the Western Regions,Anxi Protectorate's seat of government occasionally shifted location between Qiuci and Yar City or Qocho City.With the establishment of Four Garrison Commands of Anxi,the Anxi Protectorate was promoted to the Grand Anxi Protectorate,assuming responsibility for governing the military and political affairs in the vast land.In Yar City,an important hub on the Silk Roads,merchants gathered and international trade flourished.
　　安西都护府区域示意图 Schematic Drawing of Anxi Protectorate
　　唐平定高昌国后，在吐鲁番盆地建立西州。上图是唐安西都护府的区域示意图。
　　安西都护府印谱临摹图 Collection of Draft Copy of Seals of Anxi
　　为了将西州建成为唐朝经营整个西域的基地，在唐太宗的主持下，唐对当时的高昌社会实施了一系列变革措施：在西州之下只设高昌、交河、柳中、蒲昌、天山五县；依唐朝建制，在城区设有若干坊，坊有坊正管理坊务。上图就是从当时出土的官府文书中临摹下来的安西都护府和西州、高昌、柳中、蒲昌、天山印谱。